Illegal Wildlife Trafficking within the Framework of Environmental Crime
Article Sidebar
Main Article Content
Abstract
This study aims to analyze the reasons why the trade in protected wildlife can be classified as an environmental crime, the forms of legal liability imposed on offenders within the Indonesian environmental law system, and the role of environmental law enforcement in preventing the extinction of protected species. This research employs a normative juridical method with a descriptive qualitative approach. Data were obtained through library research by examining statutory regulations, legal literature, textbooks, and relevant scholarly journal articles related to the conservation of biological natural resources and environmental crimes. The findings indicate that the trade in protected wildlife constitutes not merely an ordinary criminal offense, but an environmental crime that causes serious ecological impacts, including ecosystem degradation, loss of biodiversity, and threats to species extinction. Legal liability for offenders may be imposed through administrative, criminal, and civil sanctions cumulatively. The study also finds that the effectiveness of environmental law enforcement plays a crucial role in protecting wildlife, although in practice it still faces various challenges, such as weak deterrent effects and low public legal awareness. This study is expected to strengthen the environmental law perspective in addressing protected wildlife trade and to serve as a reference for the development of more comprehensive and sustainable policies and law enforcement strategies.
Article Details
Section
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International License.
How to Cite
References
A. Auliyani, B. Budiyanto, dan B. Rohrohmana, “Kebijakan Penerapan Sanksi Pidana dalam Tindak Pidana Perdagangan Satwa Liar yang Dilindungi,” Jurnal Ekologi Birokrasi (2025).
Anggriawan, Ferry. “Penegakan Hukum Perdagangan Satwa Liar ( Hewan Kukang ) Di Wilayah Kota Batu” 6, no. 2 (2024): 75–87.
Chandra, Febrian. 2025. “Pengelolaan Kehutanan Berbasis Masyarakat Hukum Adat Dalam Kerangka Konstitusi Hijau Di Indonesia”. Adagium: Jurnal Ilmiah Hukum 3 (1):104-19. https://doi.org/10.70308/adagium.v3i1.67.
Darmawan, Bobi, and Olivia Anggie Johar. “Penegakan Hukum Terhadap Perdagangan Satwa Liar Menurut Undang-Undang Nomor 5 Tahun 1990.” Jurnal Karya Ilmiah Multidisiplin (JURKIM) 1, no. 1 (2021): 37–43.
Dzahabiyyah, Nenden Fatimah. “Penyelundupan Orangutan Dalam Konsep Perlindungan Satwa Liar Dan Hukum Positif Indonesia.” Padjadjaran Law Review 8, no. 1 (2020): 56–70.
Fadilah, Siti, Dela Septi Sari Waruwu, Dina Miranda Tarihoran, Parlaungan Gabriel Siahaan, and Dewi Pika Lbn Batu. “Pertanggungjawaban Pidana Terhadap Pelaku Perdagangan Satwa Yang Dilindungi (Studi Kasus Putusan Nomor 1617/PID B/LH/2023/PN.MDN).” Innovative: Journal of Social Science Research 3, no. 5 (2023): 4118–29. https://j-innovative.org/index.php/Innovative/article/view/5172.
Fahmi, Sudi. “Asas Tanggung Jawab Negara Sebagai Dasar Pelaksanaan Perlindungan dan Pengelolaan Lingkungan Hidup.” Jurnal Hukum 18, no. 2 (2011): 212–228.
Halimah, Difa. “Penegakan Hukum Terhadap Tindak Pidana Perdagangan Satwa Dilindungi Di Sumatera Utara.” Rechtsnormen Jurnal Komunikasi Dan Informasi Hukum 2, no. 1 (2023) Edisi Agustus (2023): 32–42. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.56211/rechtsnormen.v2i1.295.
Hanim, Lathifah, Munsharif Abdul Chalim, and Jawade Hafidz. “PELAKSANAAN PERLINDUNGAN SATWA LIAR YANG DILINDUNGI MENURUT HUKUM INDONESIA DAN HUKUM INTERNASIONAL,” no. 5 (2020): 161–68.
Lubis, Muhammad Ridwan. Bahan Ajar Hukum Acara Pidana. Medan: CV. Sentosa Deli Mandiri, 2021.
Muhammad Aji Kusriyanto, Totok Sugiarto, Purwanto. “PENEGAKAN HUKUM TERHADAP TINDAK PIDANA PERDAGANGAN SATWA YANG DILINDUNGI BERDASARKAN UNDANG-UNDANG NOMOR 5 TAHUN 1990 TENTANG KONSERVASI SUMBER DAYA ALAM HAYATI DAN EKOSISTEMNYA.” Jurnal IUS Vol.XIII, no. 01 (2025): 101–13.
Phelps, Jacob, et al. “Pertanggungjawaban Perdata Perusakan Spesies Dilindungi: Panduan Mengajukan Gugatan Di Indonesia.” Lancaster, UK, 2021.
Priantoro, Nito, Tami Rusli, and Indah Satria. “Pertanggungjawaban Hukum Terhadap Pelaku Tindak Pidana Memperniagakan Satwa Yang Dilindungi (Studi Putusan Nomor: 134/Pid.B/LH/2023/Pn Kla).” Jurnal Multilingual 4, no. 1 (2024): 62–77. https://doi.org/prefix 10.31539.
ProFauna Indonesia. “Fakta Satwa Liar di Indonesia.” Diakses 20 Desember 2025. http://profauna.net/id/fakta-satwa-liar-di-indonesia#.WmLvzPmnHIU.
Purnawati, Andi. “Perlindungan Hukum Terhadap Satwa Langka Dalam Sisitim Hukum Pidana Indonesia.” Maleo Law Journal 4, no. 1 (2020): 56–68. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.56338/mlj.v4i1.1070.
Rajagukguk, Elisa Vionita. “Efektivitas Peraturan Perdagangan Satwa Liar Di Indonesia.” Jurnal Wawasan Yuridika 31, no. 2 (2014): 216–28.
R. B. Perangin-angin, R. Nababan, A. Wulandari, dan A. Sihaloho, “Penegakan Hukum terhadap Kejahatan atas Satwa Liar yang Dilindungi di Taman Nasional Gunung Leuser,” Jurnal Hukum Justice (2023).
Salim, Agus, Ria Anggraeni Utami, and Zico Junius Fernando. “GREEN VICTIMOLOGY: SEBUAH KONSEP PERLINDUNGAN KORBAN DAN PENEGAKAN HUKUM LINGKUNGAN DI INDONESIA.” Bina Hukum Lingkungan 7, no. 1 SE-Articles (January 25, 2024): 59–79. https://bhl-jurnal.or.id/index.php/bhl/article/view/179.
Sands, Philippe. Principles of International Environmental Law. Vol. 1, Frameworks, Standards and Implementation. Manchester: Manchester University Press, 1995.
Setyani, Erlin, Florentina Ezrahi, Octwelfth Gabriella, Ranti Glen, and Clifford Mambo. “Kerusakan Ekosistem Akibat Kelemahan Regulasi Perlindungan Satwa Liar.” Aurelia: Jurnal Penelitian Dan Pengabdian Masyarakat Indonesia 4, no. 1 (2025): 1170–75.
S. Novanda dan E. Rosnawati, “Law Enforcement against the Crime of Trading in Protected Animals (Studi Kasus Putusan),” Indonesian Journal of Law and Economics Review 13 (2021).
S. Silalahi, B. R. Husin, dan F. B. Tamza, “Efektivitas Penegakan Hukum terhadap Perdagangan Ilegal Satwa yang Dilindungi,” Causa: Jurnal Hukum dan Kewarganegaraan (2025).
Tasmalinda. “16 Elang Dilindungi Diperdagangkan, Ahli Ungkap Dampak Yang Mengancam Alam.” Suarasumsel.Id, https://sumsel.suara.com/read/2025/12/18/185358/16-elang-dilindungi-diperdagangkan-ahli-ungkap-dampak-yang-mengancam-alam, diakses December 18, 2025.