A Normative Legal Analysis of the Effectiveness of Law Enforcement in Securing National Vital Objects in Ambon City
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Penelitian ini menganalisis efektivitas penegakan hukum dalam pengamanan Objek Vital Nasional (Obvitnas) di Kota Ambon dengan menitikberatkan pada efektivitas sarana dan prasarana Polri serta pembagian kewenangan antara Polri dan pengelola Obvitnas. Penelitian menggunakan metode yuridis normatif dengan pendekatan perundang-undangan dan pendekatan konseptual, dengan menganalisis UUD NRI Tahun 1945, Undang-Undang Nomor 2 Tahun 2002 tentang Kepolisian Negara Republik Indonesia, serta Keputusan Presiden Nomor 63 Tahun 2004 tentang Pengamanan Objek Vital Nasional. Analisis juga menggunakan konsep efektivitas hukum, proporsionalitas, akuntabilitas, risk-based security, dan pembagian tanggung jawab kelembagaan. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa pengamanan Obvitnas dibangun atas konstruksi tanggung jawab yang terbagi secara proporsional. Pengelola Obvitnas memiliki tanggung jawab utama dalam penyelenggaraan keamanan internal, sedangkan Polri berfungsi memberikan bantuan pengamanan, melakukan penegakan hukum, dan merespons ancaman sesuai kebutuhan operasional serta tingkat risiko. Efektivitas pengamanan tidak semata-mata ditentukan oleh jumlah personel atau ketersediaan fasilitas, tetapi oleh kesesuaian antara kewenangan, tanggung jawab, tingkat ancaman, dan kapasitas operasional. Keterbatasan kendaraan operasional dan sistem komunikasi di wilayah Ambon dan Maluku dapat menghambat mobilitas, koordinasi, dan sistem peringatan dini. Oleh karena itu, pengalokasian sarana dan prasarana harus didasarkan pada penilaian ancaman yang berkelanjutan dan karakteristik geografis wilayah kepulauan.
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