Supervision and Protection of Non-Procedural Indonesian Migrant Workers from Ibn Taymiyyah’s Perspective
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Abstrak
Pekerja Migran Indonesia (PMI) non-prosedural menghadapi kerentanan terhadap penipuan perekrutan, eksploitasi, perdagangan orang, dan kesulitan memperoleh pemulihan hukum. Penelitian ini menganalisis perlindungan dan pengawasan PMI non-prosedural berdasarkan hukum Indonesia serta menilai relevansi konsep al-ḥisbah dan al-siyāsah al-sharʿiyyah dalam pemikiran Ibnu Taimiyah. Penelitian hukum normatif ini menggunakan pendekatan perundang-undangan dan konseptual dengan bahan hukum primer serta literatur ilmiah. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa status keberangkatan non-prosedural tidak menghapus hak dasar dan hak atas perlakuan tanpa diskriminasi; persoalan utamanya ialah keterjangkauan perlindungan, koordinasi institusi, dan efektivitas pencegahan sebelum keberangkatan. Pembaruan kelembagaan dan pencabutan sejumlah aturan teknis tahun 2026 menuntut kejelasan mekanisme pelaksanaannya. Penelitian ini menawarkan model pengawasan berlapis berbasis desa, rekrutmen, keimigrasian, perlindungan konsuler, dan pemulihan, dengan prinsip amanah, keadilan, kapasitas pengawas, dan pencegahan kezaliman sebagai landasan etik. Reformasi yang disarankan meliputi koordinasi data, akses pengaduan yang aman, pengawasan perekrut, dan penempatan resmi yang terjangkau.
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