Criminalization of AI-Based Sexual Deepfakes in Indonesian Criminal Law: The Urgency of Victim Protection in the Generative AI Era
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Perkembangan sexual deepfake berbasis kecerdasan artifisial (AI) telah mengubah bentuk penyalahgunaan citra intim karena memungkinkan terciptanya representasi seksual yang realistis terhadap orang yang dapat diidentifikasi, meskipun korban tidak pernah terlibat dalam aktivitas yang digambarkan. Penelitian ini bertujuan menilai apakah hukum pidana Indonesia setelah berlakunya KUHP Nasional pada 2 Januari 2026 telah memadai untuk mengkriminalkan penciptaan dan peredaran representasi seksual sintetis tanpa persetujuan serta memberikan perlindungan efektif kepada korban. Penelitian menggunakan metode hukum normatif dengan pendekatan peraturan perundang-undangan, konseptual, dan perbandingan, didukung literatur ilmiah mutakhir. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa perlindungan masih terfragmentasi antara KUHP, UU TPKS, UU PDP, dan rezim elektronik; khususnya terdapat kekosongan terhadap penciptaan privat dan permintaan pembuatan sexual deepfake. Penelitian mengusulkan delik yang bersifat technology-neutral untuk penciptaan dan solicitation tanpa persetujuan, dengan pertanggungjawaban terpisah dan pemberatan bagi distribusi, ancaman, monetisasi, perbuatan berulang, dan korban anak. Model tersebut menempatkan otonomi seksual, martabat, dan identitas digital sebagai kepentingan hukum utama yang dilindungi.
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Referensi
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