Recontruction Article 244(5) of Indonesia’s Criminal Procedure Code to Protect Defendants’ Personal Liberty
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This article examines Article 244(5) of Law Number 20 of 2025 on the Indonesian Criminal Procedure Code and its implications for a defendant’s personal liberty after a judgment releasing the defendant from all legal charges (ontslag van alle rechtsvervolging). The normative analysis distinguishes such a judgment from an acquittal, prosecutorial appeal from an independent detention decision, and lawful justification from excuse. A limited questionnaire of twenty-six participants provides only descriptive perceptions: a reported 76.9 percent opposing the rule is neither representative of national practice nor evidence of unconstitutional application. The study argues for individualized judicial assessment of the legality, necessity, and proportionality of any continued detention. It proposes a statutory amendment under which an appeal would not automatically extend detention, while preserving judicial authority to issue a new, reasoned and reviewable order where lawful conditions are met.
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