The Role of the North Sumatra Provincial National Narcotics Agency in Preventing the Abuse of Narcotic-Laced Vape Liquid Among the Residents of Medan City
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Abstract
This study analyzes the role of the North Sumatra Provincial National Narcotics Agency (BNNP Sumut) in preventing the abuse of narcotic-laced vape liquids in Medan City. The inquiry is deliberately framed around role implementation and process adequacy rather than behavioral outcome effectiveness, which would require population-level measurement. The study uses an empirical legal approach combining statutory analysis, semi-structured interviews with two purposively selected BNNP Sumut informants in July 2026, and documentary triangulation using official and institutional sources. Implementation adequacy is assessed through five benchmarks: consistency with the legal mandate, specificity of risk communication, documented program delivery, readiness for inter-agency and laboratory coordination, and monitoring and evaluation records. The findings indicate that BNNP Sumut performs preventive functions through communication, information, education, community empowerment, and inter-agency coordination. The available evidence, however, is insufficient to attribute any reduction in drug abuse directly to those programs. Principal constraints include the adaptation of drug delivery through vape products, the need for laboratory testing to identify controlled substances, distribution through digital and informal channels, and limited outcome-based documentation. Stronger prevention therefore requires laboratory and early-detection coordination, legally grounded digital-market monitoring, youth-specific vape-risk education, and traceable evaluation indicators.
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